INTRODUCTORY ETHICS

THOMAS AQUINAS

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1. CONNECTION TO ARISTOTLE

A. SAME KEY TERMS/CONCEPTS

2. THOMAS' TASK

A. JOINING TRADITIONS--PLATO, ARISTOTLE, AUGUSTINE

B. HIS WORKS--ST & SCG

C. TOPICS--GOD, FAITH & REASON, ACTION FOLLOWS BEING,

NATURE OF HP, BODY & SOUL, INTELLECT & WILL

3. ETHICAL THEORY

A. AGERE SEQUITUR ESSE

B. TELEOLOGY--SCG III, 2 &3

C. GOD AS END--SCG III, 25

D. HAPPINESS--SCG III, 27 & 32

E. PERFECT--SCG III, 37 & 38

F. IMPERFECT--ST I-II, Q. 5, A. 3

G. FINAL HAPPINESS--SCG III, 53 & 63

H. PROVIDENCE & ORDER--SCG III, 64 & 81

4. SUMMA THEOLOGIAE (ST)--I-II--QQ. 1-5--TREATISE ON LAST END

A. HUMAN ACTIONS vs. ACTS OF A MAN/HP

B. REASON & WILL

C. HAPPINESS--Perfect & Imperfect--Supernatural & Natural

D. BEATIFIC VISION--GOD vs. Contemplation & Practical actions

5. QQ. 6-48--TREATISE ON HUMAN ACTS

A. VOLUNTARY--from within & involving knowledge

B. INVOLUNTARINESS--from ignorance

C. DETERMINANTS OF MORALITY:

1. Object--action itself

2. Motive/Intention

3. Circumstances

D. WILL--Rational Appetite--Inclination toward some good

E. SENSE APPETITES--Concupiscible & Irascible

F. CONSCIENCE-->Practical judgment of reason

G. PRINCIPLES:

1. ALWAYS FOLLOW A CERTAIN CONSCIENCE

2. NEVER FOLLOW A DOUBTFUL CONSCIENCE

6. QQ. 49-89--TREATISE ON HABIT

A. HABIT is disposition in nature

B. GOOD HABIT--VIRTUE--disposition to act in accord with agent's nature

C. VIRTUE is perfection of power

D. POWERS-->HABITS-->ACTS-->OBJECTS(GOODS)

E. 2 PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN ACTIONS--1. Intellect/Reason &

2. Appetite/Will

F. INTELLECTUAL VIRTUES-->GOVERN THOUGHT

(Wisdom, Science, Art)

G. MORAL VIRTUES-->GOVERN ACTION

H. CARDINAL VIRTUES:

PRUDENCE

JUSTICE

TEMPERANCE

COURAGE/FORTITUDE

I. INTERNAL GUIDES TO GOOD ACTS vs. EXTERNAL-->LAW

7. QQ. 90-108--TREATISE ON LAW

A. LAW is a rule & measure of acts--it binds one to act--because rule of reason--Q. 90, A. 1, 2, 3,

B. DEFINITION:

1. Ordinance of reason

2. For the common good

3. Made by those who care for community

4. Promulgated

C. 4 KINDS:

1. ETERNAL LAW--Q. 93

2. DIVINE LAW--Q. 91

3. NATURAL LAW--Q. 94

4. HUMAN/CIVIL LAW--Q. 95 & 96

D. THE EFFECTS OF LAW--Q. 92, A. 1

E. FIRST PRECEPT OF NATURAL LAW-->DO GOOD & AVOID EVIL

F. OTHER PRINCIPLES--Preserve being; Reproduce; Educate offspring; Know truth; Avoid ignorance; Live in society; Do not offend others

G. CHANGE IN THE LAW--Q. 97

H. NEED FOR DIVINE LAW--Q. 100

I. NEED FOR GRACE--Q. 109

H. THEOLOGICAL VIRTUES-->FAITH, HOPE, & LOVE--Q. 62, A. 3

8. SPECIFIC QUESTIONS--II-II

A. WAR--Q. 40, A. 1

B. HOMICIDE--Q. 64, A. 3, 5, 7, 8

C. THEFT & ROBBERY--Q. 66, A. 1, 2, 7

D. DOUBLE EFFECT

E. SELF-DEFENSE--Q. 69, A. 4

F. LYING--Q. 110, A. 3

G. DRUNKENESS--Q. 150, A. 2

H. VIRGINITY--Q. 152, A. 2

I. LECHERY--Q. 154, A. 2, 4, 8, 11, 12